Holocaust concentration camps money - Germany - 1 Reichsmark 1944 - PMG 35 - Mauthausen camp

Holocaust concentration camps money - Germany - 1 Reichsmark 1944 - PMG 35 - Mauthausen camp

The Mauthausen concentration camp (German: Konzentrationslager Mauthausen; also called Mathausen) was a large concentration camp in Upper Austria (then called the "Reichsgau of the Upper Danube") established in 1938 near the town of Mauthausen, about 20 km east of Linz (northeast of Salzburg). , and later expanded and became a central component of the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp. The concentration camp was mainly used to incarcerate opponents of Nazism and members of "undesirable" groups from various European countries.

Among the prisoners of the camp were opponents of the Nazi regime, the Polish intelligentsia, homosexuals, gypsies, Spaniards who supported the Republican regime and more. The number of Jews who were initially imprisoned there was relatively small. Starting in 1944, the Nazis began imprisoning many Jews there, mainly from the Hungarian and Dutch communities. Jews from Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen were also brought to the camp.

The total number of those murdered in the Mauthausen-Gosen camps is estimated at hundreds of thousands (between 120 and 320 thousand, according to various estimates), of which about 38,000 were Jews. Most of the murdered died in forced labor. The Mauthausen-Gosen camps were liberated by the United States Army in May 1945.